[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 29, Volume 5]
[Revised as of January 1, 2007]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 29CFR1910.147]

[Page 483-491]
 
                             TITLE 29--LABOR

 
CHAPTER XVII--OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT 

                                OF LABOR

 
PART 1910_OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS--Table of Contents

 
                Subpart J_General Environmental Controls

 
Sec. 1910.147  The control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout).


    (a) Scope, application and purpose--(1) Scope. (i) This standard 

covers the servicing and maintenance of machines and equipment in which 

the unexpected



[[Page 484]]



energization or start up of the machines or equipment, or release of 

stored energy could cause injury to employees. This standard establishes 

minimum performance requirements for the control of such hazardous 

energy.

    (ii) This standard does not cover the following:

    (A) Construction, agriculture and maritime employment;

    (B) Installations under the exclusive control of electric utilities 

for the purpose of power generation, transmission and distribution, 

including related equipment for communication or metering; and

    (C) Exposure to electrical hazards from work on, near, or with 

conductors or equipment in electric utilization installations, which is 

covered by subpart S of this part; and

    (D) Oil and gas well drilling and servicing.

    (2) Application. (i) This standard applies to the control of energy 

during servicing and/or maintenance of machines and equipment.

    (ii) Normal production operations are not covered by this standard 

(See subpart 0 of this part). Servicing and/or maintenance which takes 

place during normal production operations is covered by this standard 

only if;:

    (A) An employee is required to remove or bypass a guard or other 

safety device; or

    (B) An employee is required to place any part of his or her body 

into an area on a machine or piece of equipment where work is actually 

performed upon the material being processed (point of operation) or 

where an associated danger zone exists during a machine operating cycle.

    Note: Exception to paragraph (a)(2)(ii): Minor tool changes and 

adjustments, and other minor servicing activities, which take place 

during normal production operations, are not covered by this standard if 

they are routine, repetitive, and integral to the use of the equipment 

for production, provided that the work is performed using alternative 

measures which provide effective protection (See subpart 0 of this 

part).

    (iii) This standard does not apply to the following.

    (A) Work on cord and plug connected electric equipment for which 

exposure to the hazards of unexpected energization or start up of the 

equipment is controlled by the unplugging of the equipment from the 

energy source and by the plug being under the exclusive control of the 

employee performing the servicing or maintenance.

    (B) Hot tap operations involving transmission and distribution 

systems for substances such as gas, steam, water or petroleum products 

when they are performed on pressurized pipelines, provided that the 

employer demonstrates that (1) continuity of service is essential; (2) 

shutdown of the system is impractical; and (3) documented procedures are 

followed, and special equipment is used which will provide proven 

effective protection for employees.

    (3) Purpose. (i) This section requires employers to establish a 

program and utilize procedures for affixing appropriate lockout devices 

or tagout devices to energy isolating devices, and to otherwise disable 

machines or equipment to prevent unexpected energization, start-up or 

release of stored energy in order to prevent injury to employees.

    (ii) When other standards in this part require the use of lockout or 

tagout, they shall be used and supplemented by the procedural and 

training requirements of this section.

    (b) Definitions applicable to this section.

    Affected employee. An employee whose job requires him/her to operate 

or use a machine or equipment on which servicing or maintenance is being 

performed under lockout or tagout, or whose job requires him/her to work 

in an area in which such servicing or maintenance is being performed.

    Authorized employee. A person who locks out or tags out machines or 

equipment in order to perform servicing or maintenance on that machine 

or equipment. An affected employee becomes an authorized employee when 

that employee's duties include performing servicing or maintenance 

covered under this section.

    Capable of being locked out. An energy isolating device is capable 

of being locked out if it has a hasp or other means of attachment to 

which, or through which, a lock can be affixed, or it has a locking 

mechanism built into it. Other energy isolating devices are capable of 

being locked out, if lockout



[[Page 485]]



can be achieved without the need to dismantle, rebuild, or replace the 

energy isolating device or permanently alter its energy control 

capability.

    Energized. Connected to an energy source or containing residual or 

stored energy.

    Energy isolating device. A mechanical device that physically 

prevents the transmission or release of energy, including but not 

limited to the following: A manually operated electrical circuit 

breaker; a disconnect switch; a manually operated switch by which the 

conductors of a circuit can be disconnected from all ungrounded supply 

conductors, and, in addition, no pole can be operated independently; a 

line valve; a block; and any similar device used to block or isolate 

energy. Push buttons, selector switches and other control circuit type 

devices are not energy isolating devices.

    Energy source. Any source of electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, 

pneumatic, chemical, thermal, or other energy.

    Hot tap. A procedure used in the repair, maintenance and services 

activities which involves welding on a piece of equipment (pipelines, 

vessels or tanks) under pressure, in order to install connections or 

appurtenances. It is commonly used to replace or add sections of 

pipeline without the interruption of service for air, gas, water, steam, 

and petrochemical distribution systems.

    Lockout. The placement of a lockout device on an energy isolating 

device, in accordance with an established procedure, ensuring that the 

energy isolating device and the equipment being controlled cannot be 

operated until the lockout device is removed.

    Lockout device. A device that utilizes a positive means such as a 

lock, either key or combination type, to hold an energy isolating device 

in a safe position and prevent the energizing of a machine or equipment. 

Included are blank flanges and bolted slip blinds.

    Normal production operations. The utilization of a machine or 

equipment to perform its intended production function.

    Servicing and/or maintenance. Workplace activities such as 

constructing, installing, setting up, adjusting, inspecting, modifying, 

and maintaining and/or servicing machines or equipment. These activities 

include lubrication, cleaning or unjamming of machines or equipment and 

making adjustments or tool changes, where the employee may be exposed to 

the unexpected energization or startup of the equipment or release of 

hazardous energy.

    Setting up. Any work performed to prepare a machine or equipment to 

perform its normal production operation.

    Tagout. The placement of a tagout device on an energy isolating 

device, in accordance with an established procedure, to indicate that 

the energy isolating device and the equipment being controlled may not 

be operated until the tagout device is removed.

    Tagout device. A prominent warning device, such as a tag and a means 

of attachment, which can be securely fastened to an energy isolating 

device in accordance with an established procedure, to indicate that the 

energy isolating device and the equipment being controlled may not be 

operated until the tagout device is removed.

    (c) General--(1) Energy control program. The employer shall 

establish a program consisting of energy control procedures, employee 

training and periodic inspections to ensure that before any employee 

performs any servicing or maintenance on a machine or equipment where 

the unexpected energizing, start up or release of stored energy could 

occur and cause injury, the machine or equipment shall be isolated from 

the energy source, and rendered inoperative.

    (2) Lockout/tagout. (i) If an energy isolating device is not capable 

of being locked out, the employer's energy control program under 

paragraph (c)(1) of this section shall utilize a tagout system.

    (ii) If an energy isolating device is capable of being locked out, 

the employer's energy control program under paragraph (c)(1) of this 

section shall utilize lockout, unless the employer can demonstrate that 

the utilization of a tagout system will provide full employee protection 

as set forth in paragraph (c)(3) of this section.



[[Page 486]]



    (iii) After January 2, 1990, whenever replacement or major repair, 

renovation or modification of a machine or equipment is performed, and 

whenever new machines or equipment are installed, energy isolating 

devices for such machine or equipment shall be designed to accept a 

lockout device.

    (3) Full employee protection. (i) When a tagout device is used on an 

energy isolating device which is capable of being locked out, the tagout 

device shall be attached at the same location that the lockout device 

would have been attached, and the employer shall demonstrate that the 

tagout program will provide a level of safety equivalent to that 

obtained by using a lockout program.

    (ii) In demonstrating that a level of safety is achieved in the 

tagout program which is equivalent to the level of safety obtained by 

using a lockout program, the employer shall demonstrate full compliance 

with all tagout-related provisions of this standard together with such 

additional elements as are necessary to provide the equivalent safety 

available from the use of a lockout device. Additional means to be 

considered as part of the demonstration of full employee protection 

shall include the implementation of additional safety measures such as 

the removal of an isolating circuit element, blocking of a controlling 

switch, opening of an extra disconnecting device, or the removal of a 

valve handle to reduce the likelihood of inadvertent energization.

    (4) Energy control procedure. (i) Procedures shall be developed, 

documented and utilized for the control of potentially hazardous energy 

when employees are engaged in the activities covered by this section.

    Note: Exception: The employer need not document the required 

procedure for a particular machine or equipment, when all of the 

following elements exist: (1) The machine or equipment has no potential 

for stored or residual energy or reaccumulation of stored energy after 

shut down which could endanger employees; (2) the machine or equipment 

has a single energy source which can be readily identified and isolated; 

(3) the isolation and locking out of that energy source will completely 

deenergize and deactivate the machine or equipment; (4) the machine or 

equipment is isolated from that energy source and locked out during 

servicing or maintenance; (5) a single lockout device will achieve a 

locked-out condition; (6) the lockout device is under the exclusive 

control of the authorized employee performing the servicing or 

maintenance; (7) the servicing or maintenance does not create hazards 

for other employees; and (8) the employer, in utilizing this exception, 

has had no accidents involving the unexpected activation or 

reenergization of the machine or equipment during servicing or 

maintenance.

    (ii) The procedures shall clearly and specifically outline the 

scope, purpose, authorization, rules, and techniques to be utilized for 

the control of hazardous energy, and the means to enforce compliance 

including, but not limited to, the following:

    (A) A specific statement of the intended use of the procedure;

    (B) Specific procedural steps for shutting down, isolating, blocking 

and securing machines or equipment to control hazardous energy;

    (C) Specific procedural steps for the placement, removal and 

transfer of lockout devices or tagout devices and the responsibility for 

them; and

    (D) Specific requirements for testing a machine or equipment to 

determine and verify the effectiveness of lockout devices, tagout 

devices, and other energy control measures.

    (5) Protective materials and hardware. (i) Locks, tags, chains, 

wedges, key blocks, adapter pins, self-locking fasteners, or other 

hardware shall be provided by the employer for isolating, securing or 

blocking of machines or equipment from energy sources.

    (ii) Lockout devices and tagout devices shall be singularly 

identified; shall be the only devices(s) used for controlling energy; 

shall not be used for other purposes; and shall meet the following 

requirements:

    (A) Durable. (1) Lockout and tagout devices shall be capable of 

withstanding the environment to which they are exposed for the maximum 

period of time that exposure is expected.

    (2) Tagout devices shall be constructed and printed so that exposure 

to weather conditions or wet and damp locations will not cause the tag 

to deteriorate or the message on the tag to become illegible.

    (3) Tags shall not deteriorate when used in corrosive environments 

such as areas where acid and alkali chemicals are handled and stored.



[[Page 487]]



    (B) Standardized. Lockout and tagout devices shall be standardized 

within the facility in at least one of the following criteria: Color; 

shape; or size; and additionally, in the case of tagout devices, print 

and format shall be standardized.

    (C) Substantial--(1) Lockout devices. Lockout devices shall be 

substantial enough to prevent removal without the use of excessive force 

or unusual techniques, such as with the use of bolt cutters or other 

metal cutting tools.

    (2) Tagout devices. Tagout devices, including and their means of 

attachment, shall be substantial enough to prevent inadvertent or 

accidental removal. Tagout device attachment means shall be of a non-

reusable type, attachable by hand, self-locking, and non-releasable with 

a minimum unlocking strength of no less than 50 pounds and having the 

general design and basic characteristics of being at least equivalent to 

a one-piece, all-environment-tolerant nylon cable tie.

    (D) Identifiable. Lockout devices and tagout devices shall indicate 

the identity of the employee applying the device(s).

    (iii) Tagout devices shall warn against hazardous conditions if the 

machine or equipment is energized and shall include a legend such as the 

following: Do Not Start, Do Not Open, Do Not Close, Do Not Energize, Do 

Not Operate.

    (6) Periodic inspection. (i) The employer shall conduct a periodic 

inspection of the energy control procedure at least annually to ensure 

that the procedure and the requirements of this standard are being 

followed.

    (A) The periodic inspection shall be perfomed by an authorized 

employee other than the ones(s) utilizing the energy control procedure 

being inspected.

    (B) The periodic inspection shall be conducted to correct any 

deviations or inadequacies identified.

    (C) Where lockout is used for energy control, the periodic 

inspection shall include a review, between the inspector and each 

authorized employee, of that employee's responsibilities under the 

energy control procedure being inspected.

    (D) Where tagout is used for energy control, the periodic inspection 

shall include a review, between the inspector and each authorized and 

affected employee, of that employee's responsibilities under the energy 

control procedure being inspected, and the elements set forth in 

paragraph (c)(7)(ii) of this section.

    (ii) The employer shall certify that the periodic inspections have 

been performed. The certification shall identify the machine or 

equipment on which the energy control procedure was being utilized, the 

date of the inspection, the employees included in the inspection, and 

the person performing the inspection.

    (7) Training and communication. (i) The employer shall provide 

training to ensure that the purpose and function of the energy control 

program are understood by employees and that the knowledge and skills 

required for the safe application, usage, and removal of the energy 

controls are acquired by employees. The training shall include the 

following:

    (A) Each authorized employee shall receive training in the 

recognition of applicable hazardous energy sources, the type and 

magnitude of the energy available in the workplace, and the methods and 

means necessary for energy isolation and control.

    (B) Each affected employee shall be instructed in the purpose and 

use of the energy control procedure.

    (C) All other employees whose work operations are or may be in an 

area where energy control procedures may be utilized, shall be 

instructed about the procedure, and about the prohibition relating to 

attempts to restart or reenergize machines or equipment which are locked 

out or tagged out.

    (ii) When tagout systems are used, employees shall also be trained 

in the following limitations of tags:

    (A) Tags are essentially warning devices affixed to energy isolating 

devices, and do not provide the physical restraint on those devices that 

is provided by a lock.

    (B) When a tag is attached to an energy isolating means, it is not 

to be removed without authorization of the authorized person responsible 

for it, and it is never to be bypassed, ignored, or otherwise defeated.



[[Page 488]]



    (C) Tags must be legible and understandable by all authorized 

employees, affected employees, and all other employees whose work 

operations are or may be in the area, in order to be effective.

    (D) Tags and their means of attachment must be made of materials 

which will withstand the environmental conditions encountered in the 

workplace.

    (E) Tags may evoke a false sense of security, and their meaning 

needs to be understood as part of the overall energy control program.

    (F) Tags must be securely attached to energy isolating devices so 

that they cannot be inadvertently or accidentally detached during use.

    (iii) Employee retraining.

    (A) Retraining shall be provided for all authorized and affected 

employees whenever there is a change in their job assignments, a change 

in machines, equipment or processes that present a new hazard, or when 

there is a change in the energy control procedures.

    (B) Additional retraining shall also be conducted whenever a 

periodic inspection under paragraph (c)(6) of this section reveals, or 

whenever the employer has reason to believe, that there are deviations 

from or inadequacies in the employee's knowledge or use of the energy 

control procedures.

    (C) The retraining shall reestablish employee proficiency and 

introduce new or revised control methods and procedures, as necessary.

    (iv) The employer shall certify that employee training has been 

accomplished and is being kept up to date. The certification shall 

contain each employee's name and dates of training.

    (8) Energy isolation. Lockout or tagout shall be performed only 

bythe authorized employees who are performing the servicing or 

maintenance.

    (9) Notification of employees. Affected employees shall be notified 

by the employer or authorized employee of the application and removal of 

lockout devices or tagout devices. Notification shall be given before 

the controls are applied, and after they are removed from the machine or 

equipment.

    (d) Application of control. The established procedures for the 

application of energy control (the lockout or tagout procedures) shall 

cover the following elements and actions and shall be done in the 

following sequence:

    (1) Preparation for shutdown. Before an authorized or affected 

employee turns off a machine or equipment, the authorized employee shall 

have knowledge of the type and magnitude of the energy, the hazards of 

the energy to be controlled, and the method or means to control the 

energy.

    (2) Machine or equipment shutdown. The machine or equipment shall be 

turned off or shut down using the procedures established for the machine 

or equipment. An orderly shutdown must be utilized to avoid any 

additional or increased hazard(s) to employees as a result of the 

equipment stoppage.

    (3) Machine or equipment isolation. All energy isolating devices 

that are needed to control the energy to the machine or equipment shall 

be physically located and operated in such a manner as to isolate the 

machine or equipment from the energy source(s).

    (4) Lockout or tagout device application. (i) Lockout or tagout 

devices shall be affixed to each energy isolating device by authorized 

employees.

    (ii) Lockout devices, where used, shall be affixed in a manner to 

that will hold the energy isolating devices in a ``safe'' or ``off'' 

position.

    (iii) Tagout devices, where used, shall be affixed in such a manner 

as will clearly indicate that the operation or movement of energy 

isolating devices from the ``safe'' or ``off'' position is prohibited.

    (A) Where tagout devices are used with energy isolating devices 

designed with the capability of being locked, the tag attachment shall 

be fastened at the same point at which the lock would have been 

attached.

    (B) Where a tag cannot be affixed directly to the energy isolating 

device, the tag shall be located as close as safely possible to the 

device, in a position that will be immediately obvious to anyone 

attempting to operate the device.

    (5) Stored energy. (i) Following the application of lockout or 

tagout devices to energy isolating devices, all potentially hazardous 

stored or residual energy shall be relieved, disconnected, restrained, 

and otherwise rendered safe.



[[Page 489]]



    (ii) If there is a possibility of reaccumulation of stored energy to 

a hazardous level, verification of isolation shall be continued until 

the servicing or maintenance is completed, or until the possibility of 

such accumulation no longer exists.

    (6) Verification of isolation. Prior to starting work on machines or 

equipment that have been locked out or tagged out, the authorized 

employee shall verify that isolation and deenergization of the machine 

or equipment have been accomplished.

    (e) Release from lockout or tagout. Before lockout or tagout devices 

are removed and energy is restored to the machine or equipment, 

procedures shall be followed and actions taken by the authorized 

employee(s) to ensure the following:

    (1) The machine or equipment. The work area shall be inspected to 

ensure that nonessential items have been removed and to ensure that 

machine or equipment components are operationally intact.

    (2) Employees. (i) The work area shall be checked to ensure that all 

employees have been safely positioned or removed.

    (ii) After lockout or tagout devices have been removed and before a 

machine or equipment is started, affected employees shall be notified 

that the lockout or tagout device(s) have been removed.

    (3) Lockout or tagout devices removal. Each lockout or tagout device 

shall be removed from each energy isolating device by the employee who 

applied the device. Exception to paragraph (e)(3): When the authorized 

employee who applied the lockout or tagout device is not available to 

remove it, that device may be removed under the direction of the 

employer, provided that specific procedures and training for such 

removal have been developed, documented and incorporated into the 

employer's energy control program. The employer shall demonstrate that 

the specific procedure provides equivalent safety to the removal of the 

device by the authorized employee who applied it. The specific procedure 

shall include at least the following elements:

    (i) Verfication by the employer that the authorized employee who 

applied the device is not at the facility;

    (ii) Making all reasonable efforts to contact the authorized 

employee to inform him/her that his/her lockout or tagout device has 

been removed; and

    (iii) Ensuring that the authorized employee has this knowledge 

before he/she resumes work at that facility.

    (f) Additional requirements--(1) Testing or positioning of machines, 

equipment or components thereof. In situations in which lockout or 

tagout devices must be temporarily removed from the energy isolating 

device and the machine or equipment energized to test or position the 

machine, equipment or component thereof, the following sequence of 

actions shall be followed:

    (i) Clear the machine or equipment of tools and materials in 

accordance with paragraph (e)(1) of this section;

    (ii) Remove employees from the machine or equipment area in 

accordance with paragraph (e)(2) of this section;

    (iii) Remove the lockout or tagout devices as specified in paragraph 

(e)(3) of this section;

    (iv) Energize and proceed with testing or positioning;

    (v) Deenergize all systems and reapply energy control measures in 

accordance with paragraph (d) of this section to continue the servicing 

and/or maintenance.

    (2) Outside personnel (contractors, etc.). (i) Whenever outside 

servicing personnel are to be engaged in activities covered by the scope 

and application of this standard, the on-site employer and the outside 

employer shall inform each other of their respective lockout or tagout 

procedures.

    (ii) The on-site employer shall ensure that his/her employees 

understand and comply with the restrictions and prohibitions of the 

outside employer's energy control program.

    (3) Group lockout or tagout. (i) When servicing and/or maintenance 

is performed by a crew, craft, department or other group, they shall 

utilize a procedure which affords the employees a level of protection 

equivalent to that provided by the implementation of a personal lockout 

or tagout device.

    (ii) Group lockout or tagout devices shall be used in accordance 

with the



[[Page 490]]



procedures required by paragraph (c)(4) of this section including, but 

not necessarily limited to, the following specific requirements:

    (A) Primary responsibility is vested in an authorized employee for a 

set number of employees working under the protection of a group lockout 

or tagout device (such as an operations lock);

    (B) Provision for the authorized employee to ascertain the exposure 

status of individual group members with regard to the lockout or tagout 

of the machine or equipment and

    (C) When more than one crew, craft, department, etc. is involved, 

assignment of overall job-associated lockout or tagout control 

responsibility to an authorized employee designated to coordinate 

affected work forces and ensure continuity of protection; and

    (D) Each authorized employee shall affix a personal lockout or 

tagout device to the group lockout device, group lockbox, or comparable 

mechanism when he or she begins work, and shall remove those devices 

when he or she stops working on the machine or equipment being serviced 

or maintained.

    (4) Shift or personnel changes. Specific procedures shall be 

utilized during shift or personnel changes to ensure the continuity of 

lockout or tagout protection, including provision for the orderly 

transfer of lockout or tagout device protection between off-going and 

oncoming employees, to minimize exposure to hazards from the unexpected 

energization or start-up of the machine or equipment, or the release of 

stored energy.

    Note: The following appendix to Sec. 1910.147 services as a non-

mandatory guideline to assist employers and employees in complying with 

the requirements of this section, as well as to provide other helpful 

information. Nothing in the appendix adds to or detracts from any of the 

requirements of this section.



     Appendix A to Sec. 1910.147--Typical Minimal Lockout Procedure



                                 General



    The following simple lockout procedure is provided to assist 

employers in developing their procedures so they meet the requirements 

of this standard. When the energy isolating devices are not lockable, 

tagout may be used, provided the employer complies with the provisions 

of the standard which require additional training and more rigorous 

periodic inspections. When tagout is used and the energy isolating 

devices are lockable, the employer must provide full employee protection 

(see paragraph (c)(3)) and additional training and more rigorous 

periodic inspections are required. For more complex systems, more 

comprehensive procedures may need to be developed, documented and 

utilized.



                            Lockout Procedure



Lockout procedure for



________________________________________________________________________



(Name of Company for single procedure or identification of equipment if 

multiple procedures are used)



                                 Purpose



    This procedure establishes the minimum requirements for the lockout 

of energy isolating devices whenever maintenance or servicing is done on 

machines or equipment. It shall be used to ensure that the machine or 

equipment is stopped, isolated from all potentially hazardous energy 

sources and locked out before employees perform any servicing or 

maintenance where the unexpected energization or start-up of the machine 

or equipment or release of stored energy could cause injury.



                      Compliance With This Program



    All employees are required to comply with the restrictions and 

limitations imposed upon them during the use of lockout. The authorized 

employees are required to perform the lockout in accordance with this 

procedure. All employees, upon observing a machine or piece of equipment 

which is locked out to perform servicing or maintenance shall not 

attempt to start, energize or use that machine or equipment.



________________________________________________________________________



Type of compliance enforcement to be taken for violation of the above.



                           Sequence of Lockout



    (1) Notify all affected employees that servicing or maintenance is 

required on a machine or equipment and that the machine or equipment 

must be shut down and locked out to perform the servicing or 

maintenance.



________________________________________________________________________



Name(s)/Job Title(s) of affected employees and how to notify.



    (2) The authorized employee shall refer to the company procedure to 

identify the type and magnitude of the energy that the machine or 

equipment utilizes, shall understand the hazards of the energy, and 

shall know the methods to control the energy.



________________________________________________________________________





[[Page 491]]



________________________________________________________________________

Type(s) and magnitude(s) of energy, its hazards and the methods to 

control the energy.



    (3) If the machine or equipment is operating, shut it down by the 

normal stopping procedure (depress stop button, open switch, close 

valve, etc.).



________________________________________________________________________



Type(s) and location(s) of machine or equipment operating controls.

    (4) De-activate the energy isolating device(s) so that the machine 

or equipment is isolated from the energy source(s).



________________________________________________________________________



Type(s) and location(s) of energy isolating devices.



    (5) Lock out the energy isolating device(s) with assigned individual 

lock(s).

    (6) Stored or residual energy (such as that in capacitors, springs, 

elevated machine members, rotating flywheels, hydraulic systems, and 

air, gas, steam, or water pressure, etc.) must be dissipated or 

restrained by methods such as grounding, repositioning, blocking, 

bleeding down, etc.



________________________________________________________________________



Type(s) of stored energy--methods to dissipate or restrain.



    (7) Ensure that the equipment is disconnected from the energy 

source(s) by first checking that no personnel are exposed, then verify 

the isolation of the equipment by operating the push button or other 

normal operating control(s) or by testing to make certain the equipment 

will not operate.



    Caution: Return operating control(s) to neutral or ``off'' position 

after verifying the isolation of the equipment.



________________________________________________________________________



Method of verifying the isolation of the equipment.



    (8) The machine or equipment is now locked out.

    Restoring Equipment to Service. When the servicing or maintenance is 

completed and the machine or equipment is ready to return to normal 

operating condition, the following steps shall be taken.

    (1) Check the machine or equipment and the immediate area around the 

machine or equipment to ensure that nonessential items have been removed 

and that the machine or equipment components are operationally intact.

    (2) Check the work area to ensure that all employees have been 

safely positioned or removed from the area.

    (3) Verify that the controls are in neutral.

    (4) Remove the lockout devices and reenergize the machine or 

equipment.

    Note: The removal of some forms of blocking may require 

reenergization of the machine before safe removal.

    (5) Notify affected employees that the servicing or maintenance is 

completed and the machine or equipment is ready for use.



[54 FR 36687, Sept. 1, 1989, as amended at 54 FR 42498, Oct. 17, 1989; 

55 FR 38685, 38686, Sept. 20, 1990]